Endangered species. The Barbary Macaque is the only surviving primate in Africa north of the Sahara Desert, the only native species of primate to occur in Europe, and the only member of the genus Macaca that can be found outside Asia. In prehistoric times, this species inhabited Southern Europe and all of North Africa . In historic times, it was widespread throughout North Africa from Libya to Morocco, but its current distribution is limited to small relict patches of forest and scrub in Algeria and Morocco. A semi-wild population lives in Gibraltar, which is a long established introduced population. (IUCN)